How to Chase the Aurora: A Beginner’s Guide

How to Chase the Aurora: A Beginner’s Guide

Seeing the northern lights (aurora borealis) is a bucket-list experience for many, and the good news is that you don’t have to leave it to chance. With a bit of preparation, some helpful tools, and the right timing, you can significantly increase your chances of catching this stunning natural phenomenon. Here’s how to become an aurora chaser.

Step 1: Understand aurora basics

The aurora occurs when charged particles from the sun interact with Earth’s magnetic field. The most dazzling displays often follow solar events like Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). Monitoring these events is key to knowing when the lights might appear.

Image by NASA SciJinks

Step 2: Follow solar activity resources

To predict aurora activity, you’ll need to track solar activity. These tools and resources will help:

Websites for Solar Monitoring

1. NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center - Use their WSA-Enlil Solar Wind Prediction to monitor when CMEs are expected to reach Earth.
2. SpaceWeatherLive.com - A user-friendly site to track real-time solar wind conditions, CMEs, and aurora alerts.
3. SolarHam.com - A go-to site for space weather enthusiasts. It includes a live aurora oval, solar flare updates, and real-time solar wind data.
4. Aurora Forecast by the University of Alaska Fairbanks - Their Aurora Forecast Tool offers short-term and long-term predictions for aurora activity based on location.

Apps to Have on Hand

1. SpaceWeatherLive App - Perfect for tracking Bz values (negative Bz is critical for auroras), solar wind density, and wind speeds.
2. My Aurora Forecast - Provides aurora visibility forecasts, solar wind data, and cloud coverage maps to optimize viewing.
3. Aurora Alerts - A highly customizable app that lets you set alerts for when aurora conditions are prime in your location.

Community-Powered Resources

• AuroraSaurus.org: A citizen science platform where users report real-time aurora sightings, helping you know where the lights are currently visible.
• Reddit Communities: Subreddits like r/Aurora are active hubs for sharing aurora photos, updates, and tips.
• Facebook Groups: There are many regional aurora chaser groups on Facebook! 

Step 3: Monitor Real-Time Aurora Indicators

Once solar activity is confirmed, use these tools to track the aurora’s progress:

1. AE Index - The AE Index tracks aurora activity in real time. Values over 500nT indicate strong activity. Access it here.
2. GOES Magnetometer - Tracks changes in Earth's magnetic field. A downward spike in the red line signals aurora “loading,” and a sudden upward snap indicates a substorm is about to light up the sky. Check it here.
3. Aurora Oval Forecast - Found on many platforms, including NOAA and SpaceWeatherLive, this map shows where the aurora is currently visible and where it’s heading.

Step 4: Know Where to Go

To optimize your chances, head to dark-sky areas far from light pollution. Use tools like DarkSiteFinder.com to locate dark-sky areas near you.

Step 5: Capture the Magic

The aurora is fleeting, so have your gear ready:

• Smartphone Tips: Use night mode, adjust exposure settings, and consider using a tripod for stability.
• Camera Tips:
  • Wide-angle lens (20mm or lower).
  • Aperture f/2.4 or lower (f/1.4 is ideal).
  • ISO: 5000+ for faint displays, lower for brighter auroras.
  • Exposure: 3–15 seconds depending on aurora strength.

Experiment with settings to get the best results, and don’t forget to pack extra batteries—they drain faster in the cold!

Final Tips for Aurora Chasing

• Check the Weather: Clouds can obscure your view, so use weather apps to find clear skies.
• Be Patient: Auroras can ebb and flow throughout the night.
• Dress Warmly: Layer up to stay comfortable during long hours outdoors.
• Bring Snacks and Warm Drinks: These can make the wait much more enjoyable.

Chasing the aurora is an adventure that combines science, strategy, and patience. By following these tips and leveraging the resources available, you’ll be well on your way to experiencing the magic of the northern lights. Happy hunting!